الإعلام الجديد ومعالجة الاخبار الكاذبة
أدى ظهور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي إلى تغيير طريقة إدراكنا للمعلومات والتعامل معها. من المرجح أن يشارك المستخدمون المعلومات دون التحقق من الحقائق ، خاصةً عندما تحتوي على محتوى مثير للجدل أو مشحون عاطفياً. في بعض الحالات ، قد لا يتحكم البشر حتى في انتشار المعلومات – فالبرامج التي تنشر وتشارك المعلومات تلقائيًا ، تسمى “الروبوتات” ، يمكنها أيضًا تشغيل حسابات على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي.
تم تسليط الضوء على تداعيات المعلومات المضللة على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي خلال الانتخابات الرئاسية الأمريكية لعام 2016 واستفتاء المملكة المتحدة لعام 2016 بشأن عضوية الاتحاد الأوروبي (“خروج بريطانيا من الاتحاد الأوروبي”). لم يتمكن العديد من الناخبين من اتخاذ قرارات مستنيرة بسبب التقارير المتحيزة ، والإفراط في الإبلاغ عن قضايا محددة ، والمعلومات المضللة الواضحة التي يتم نشرها ومشاركتها على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي. أدت تداعيات هذه الأحداث ، فضلاً عن تأثيرها المستمر على الأحداث الجارية ، إلى رفع مفهوم “الأخبار الكاذبة” إلى قمة جدول الأعمال العالمي
قد يكون من الصعب حل هذه المشكلات. لا يوجد تعريف محدد للأخبار الكاذبة تم الاتفاق عليه. على الرغم من صعوبة إثبات النية الحاقدة في كثير من الأحيان ، الا انه يتفق معظم الناس على أن الأخبار الكاذبة تنشر أكاذيب عن قصد. بينما يتم تضمين المعلومات الخاطئة في بعض التعريفات الأوسع للأخبار الكاذبة ، فإن المشكلة تكمن في أن مصطلح “المعلومات المضللة” ذاتي للغاية ويعتمد على سياق المعلومات ..
ولمعالجة مشكلة الاخبار الكاذبة يجب تحديد الروبوتات الخبيثة وحظرها ، لكن من الصعب نوعا ما ان يتم ذلك حيث لم يتم إنشاء جميع الروبوتات لنشر المعلومات الخاطئة وعلي ذلك فمن الصعب للغاية تحديد ما إذا كان الحساب يتم تشغيله بواسطة روبوت أم مستخدم حقيقي.
غالبًا ما تكون التقديرات المتعلقة بعدد الروبوتات غامضة ويجب التعامل معها بحذر كما يحتاج المستخدمون إلى تثقيفهم وتمكينهم من التحقق من الحقائق قبل مشاركة المعلومات عبر الإنترنت و يجادل البعض بأن الناس بحاجة إلى أن يكونوا أكثر انتقادًا وأن لا يقبلوا بشكل أعمى كل ما يقرؤونه على الإنترنت كما يجب أن تجعل الأنظمة الأساسية من الصعب على المستخدمين إنشاء حسابات متعددة أو مشاركة المعلومات بشكل أعمى وبذلك يمكن أن يؤدي ذلك إلى إبطاء انتشار الأخبار المزيفة وإتاحة الوقت للعمل.
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